Somnath Temple, Gujarat

History of Somnath Temple

Somnath is one of the oldest and most revered pilgrimage sites in India. The exact date of the first temple at the site is not firmly established, but the sacred place has been mentioned in ancient Hindu traditions and religious texts.

According to traditional accounts, the first temple was built by Chandra Dev, also known as Soma, in gold. It is believed that Ravana later built the temple in silver, Lord Krishna built it in wood, and King Bhimdev Solanki constructed a stone temple.

Historical records indicate that the temple was reconstructed several times. King Bhimdev Solanki is associated with one of the major medieval reconstructions, while the temple was rebuilt again by Kumarapala in 1169 CE. Other rulers and devotees also contributed to its restoration after periods of destruction and damage.

The temple faced repeated attacks during the medieval period, including the attack by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1026 CE. Despite repeated destruction, devotees continued to rebuild the temple and preserve the worship of Lord Somnath.

After India’s independence, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel visited the ruins of Somnath Temple in November 1947 and supported its reconstruction. The present temple was rebuilt under the guidance of the Somnath Trust.

The modern temple was consecrated on 11 May 1951 by Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India. The reconstruction was carried out in the traditional style by the Sompura family of temple architects.

Religious Significance of Somnath Temple

Somnath Temple is one of the twelve Jyotirlingas of Lord Shiva. A Jyotirlinga is believed to be a radiant manifestation of Lord Shiva.

Devotees believe that Lord Shiva appeared at Somnath to bless Chandra Dev and remove the effects of a curse. The temple is therefore associated with healing, renewal, protection, and spiritual strength.

The temple is also located near the Triveni Sangam of the Hiran, Kapila, and Saraswati rivers. This sacred confluence is considered an important place for religious bathing, prayers, and ancestral rituals.

Somnath is also connected with the final journey of Lord Krishna. According to religious tradition, Lord Krishna left his earthly form at Bhalka Tirtha near Somnath.

Legend of Somnath Temple

According to Hindu mythology, Chandra Dev married the 27 daughters of Daksha Prajapati, who represent the 27 Nakshatras.

Chandra Dev loved Rohini more than his other wives. Daksha became angry and cursed Chandra Dev to lose his brightness. As the effect of the curse increased, Chandra Dev’s radiance began to disappear.

Chandra Dev performed penance and worshipped Lord Shiva at Prabhas Kshetra. Pleased with his devotion, Lord Shiva blessed him and partially relieved him from the curse.

This is believed to be the reason behind the waxing and waning of the Moon. Lord Shiva came to be worshipped at this place as Somnath, the Lord of Soma or the Moon.

Main Deity at Somnath Temple

The main deity of the temple is Lord Somnath, a form of Lord Shiva worshipped as a Jyotirlinga.

Other important deities and sacred places associated with the temple complex include:

• Goddess Parvati
• Lord Ganesha
• Lord Hanuman
• Nandi
• Goddess Lakshmi
• Lord Krishna
• Lord Kartikeya
• Other forms of Lord Shiva

The temple also has sacred connections with Bhalka Tirtha, Triveni Sangam, and Geeta Mandir in the Somnath pilgrimage region.

Architecture of Somnath Temple

The present Somnath Temple is built in the traditional Chalukya or Māru-Gurjara style of architecture. The design reflects the architectural traditions of Gujarat and western India.

The modern temple was designed by the renowned temple architect Prabhashankarbhai Oghadbhai Sompura. The construction was carried out by the Sompura family, known for their expertise in traditional temple architecture.

Important architectural features include:

• Tall shikhara
• Garbhagriha
• Sabha Mandap
• Nritya Mandap
• Intricately carved pillars
• Detailed stone sculptures
• Decorative ceilings
• Traditional temple motifs
• Large flagstaff
• Arabian Sea-facing location

The temple’s shikhara rises majestically above the coastline. A sacred arrow pillar, known as the Baan Stambh, stands on the southern side of the temple and indicates that there is no landmass between Somnath and the South Pole in that direction.

The temple walls and pillars contain beautiful carvings inspired by Hindu mythology, religious symbols, flowers, animals, and traditional patterns.

Somnath Temple Timings

The temple remains open throughout the day. Timings may change during festivals, special religious occasions, and security arrangements.

Daily Puja and Aarti Timings

The official daily aarti schedule at Somnath Temple is:

Morning Aarti

The morning aarti is performed at 07:00 AM. Devotees can begin their pilgrimage with prayers and darshan of Lord Somnath in the peaceful morning atmosphere.

Afternoon Aarti

The afternoon aarti takes place at 12:00 PM. Devotees can participate in the worship and offer prayers to the Jyotirlinga.

Evening Aarti

The evening aarti is performed at 07:00 PM. This is a spiritually beautiful time to visit the temple, as the sound of bells, devotional chants, and lamps creates a divine atmosphere.

Light and Sound Show

The “Jay Somnath” Light and Sound Show is generally held from 08:00 PM to 09:00 PM. The show may not operate during the monsoon season or during special weather conditions.

Offerings at Somnath Temple

Devotees offer bilva leaves, flowers, milk, water, fruits, coconuts, sandalwood paste, and traditional puja materials to Lord Shiva.

Common forms of worship include:

• Abhishekam
• Rudrabhishekam
• Jyotirlinga darshan
• Bilva leaf offering
• Archana
• Maha Aarti
• Mahamrityunjaya Jaap
• Special puja
• Naivedyam
• Deepa worship
• Prayers for ancestors

Devotees may also participate in special religious services according to the arrangements of the temple trust.

Festivals Celebrated at Somnath Temple

Several important Hindu festivals are celebrated at Somnath Temple with great devotion. Major festivals include:

• Maha Shivaratri
• Shravan month celebrations
• Kartik Purnima
• Diwali
• Janmashtami
• Navratri
• Holi
• Somnath Sthapana Day
• Full Moon celebrations
• Prabhas Utsav

Maha Shivaratri is the most important festival at Somnath Temple. Devotees observe fasting, perform abhishekam, offer bilva leaves, and participate in night-long prayers.

During Shravan month, thousands of devotees visit the temple to worship Lord Shiva and perform special offerings.

Best Time to Visit Somnath Temple

The best time to visit Somnath Temple is between October and March because the weather is comfortable for temple darshan and sightseeing.

For peaceful darshan, devotees can visit between 06:00 AM and 08:00 AM. The evening period between 06:00 PM and 08:00 PM is ideal for attending the evening aarti.

The temple can be crowded during Maha Shivaratri, Shravan month, Kartik Purnima, weekends, and public holidays.

Recommended Duration for the Visit

Visitors generally need 1 to 2 hours for darshan and to explore the main temple premises.

A complete Somnath pilgrimage may require one full day because visitors often include Bhalka Tirtha, Triveni Sangam, Geeta Mandir, and other nearby sacred places.

Entry Fee and Darshan

General darshan at Somnath Temple is available without an entry fee. Special pujas, abhishekam, and other religious services may have separate charges.

Mobile phones, cameras, large bags, and other restricted items may not be allowed inside the temple. Visitors can use the designated deposit counters before entering.

Dress Code and Temple Rules

Visitors should wear clean and modest clothing while visiting the temple. Traditional attire is recommended, especially during festivals and special pujas.

Devotees should follow these rules:

• Remove footwear before entering the temple
• Deposit mobile phones and prohibited items at the designated counter
• Maintain silence near the sanctum
• Follow the queue system
• Avoid photography inside restricted areas
• Do not carry leather items if prohibited
• Respect temple customs
• Follow security instructions
• Keep the temple premises clean

Photography is restricted inside the main temple.

How to Reach Somnath Temple

By Air

Diu Airport is the nearest airport for reaching Somnath. Rajkot Airport and Ahmedabad Airport are other options for visitors travelling from distant cities.

From the airport, visitors can hire a taxi or use bus and train services to reach Somnath.

By Train

Somnath Railway Station is the nearest railway station. It is connected with Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Veraval, Mumbai, and other important cities.

Veraval Railway Station is also located close to the temple and provides convenient transport options.

By Road

Somnath is well connected by road with Veraval, Junagadh, Rajkot, Ahmedabad, Dwarka, Porbandar, and other cities of Gujarat.

Regular buses, taxis, auto-rickshaws, and private vehicles are available for travelling to the temple.

Nearby Places to Visit

Visitors can explore several important religious and historical places near Somnath Temple, including:

• Triveni Sangam
• Bhalka Tirtha
• Geeta Mandir
• Surya Mandir
• Panch Pandav Gufa
• Ahilyabai Temple
• Somnath Beach
• Prabhas Patan Museum
• Balka Tirth
• Chorwad
• Gir National Park
• Junagadh

Bhalka Tirtha is especially important because it is associated with the final journey of Lord Krishna.

Facilities for Devotees and Visitors

The Somnath pilgrimage area provides several facilities, including:

• Drinking water
• Prasadam facilities
• Puja item shops
• Mobile and footwear deposit counters
• Parking areas
• Resting spaces
• Cloakroom facilities
• Accommodation options
• Restaurants and food stalls
• Local transport
• Medical assistance

The Somnath Trust also provides accommodation and other facilities for pilgrims according to availability.

Important Tips for Visitors

• Check the darshan and aarti timings before visiting.
• Reach early for peaceful darshan.
• Do not carry mobile phones or cameras inside restricted areas.
• Wear modest and comfortable clothing.
• Keep personal belongings safely deposited.
• Carry drinking water during outdoor sightseeing.
• Attend the evening aarti for a special spiritual experience.
• Plan additional time for nearby pilgrimage sites.
• Follow all security instructions.
• Festival days may have large crowds and longer queues.

Conclusion

Somnath Temple is one of the most sacred Jyotirlinga temples in India and a powerful symbol of faith, resilience, and devotion. The temple has been rebuilt several times throughout history, yet its spiritual importance has remained unchanged.

Its grand Chalukya-style architecture, sacred Shiva Lingam, ancient legends, peaceful seashore location, and powerful aarti ceremonies make it a deeply meaningful pilgrimage destination. Visiting Somnath Temple offers devotees an opportunity to experience the blessings of Lord Shiva along with the rich spiritual and cultural heritage of Gujarat.